What are the four maxims of the CP? 合作原则下属的四条准则是什么
What are the four maxims of the CP? 合作原则下属的四条准则是什么?
请帮忙给出正确答案和分析,谢谢!
参考解答
正确答案:The Cooperative Principle.proposed and formulated by P Gricea pragmatic hypothesismeans that the participants must first of all be willing to cooperate;otherwiseit would not be possible to carry on the talk.The principle has the four following maxims: (1)Maxim of Quantity: a.Make your contribution as informative as required. b.Do not make your contribution more informative than is required. (2)Maxim of Quality: a.Do not say what you believe to be false. b.Do not say for which you lack adequate evidence. (3)Maxim of Relation:Be relevant. (4)Maxim of Manner: a.Avoid obscurity of expression. b.Avoid ambiguity. c.Be brief d.Be orderly. 合作原则由美国逻辑学家和哲学家P.格赖斯提出是语用学的一种理论。它认为参与者必须首先愿意合作否则交谈就不可能进行。这个总原则包括四条准则它们分别是: 量的准则:说出的话语所含的信息不能过多也不能过少只要能够满足交谈目的的信息量即可。 质的准则:说出的话语尽可能真实有证可查至少是自己信以为真的话。 关联准则:说出的话语要切题不说与主题、论题或话题无关的话。 方式准则:说话清楚明白、简练而且有条理避免意思含混和产生歧义。
TheCooperativePrinciple.proposedandformulatedbyPGrice,apragmatichypothesis,meansthattheparticipantsmustfirstofallbewillingtocooperate;otherwise,itwouldnotbepossibletocarryonthetalk.Theprinciplehasthefourfollowingmaxims:(1)MaximofQuantity:a.Makeyourcontributionasinformativeasrequired.b.Donotmakeyourcontributionmoreinformativethanisrequired.(2)MaximofQuality:a.Donotsaywhatyoubelievetobefalse.b.Donotsayforwhichyoulackadequateevidence.(3)MaximofRelation:Berelevant.(4)MaximofManner:a.Avoidobscurityofexpression.b.Avoidambiguity.c.Bebrief,d.Beorderly.合作原则由美国逻辑学家和哲学家P.格赖斯提出,是语用学的一种理论。它认为,参与者必须首先愿意合作,否则交谈就不可能进行。这个总原则包括四条准则,它们分别是:量的准则:说出的话语所含的信息不能过多,也不能过少,只要能够满足交谈目的的信息量即可。质的准则:说出的话语尽可能真实,有证可查,至少是自己信以为真的话。关联准则:说出的话语要切题,不说与主题、论题或话题无关的话。方式准则:说话清楚明白、简练而且有条理,避免意思含混和产生歧义。
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