明朝明朝统治中国276年 被人们描绘成人类历史上治理有序 社会稳定的最伟大的时代之一。这一时期 手工
明朝
明朝统治中国276年,被人们描绘成人类历史上治理有序、社会稳定的最伟大的时代之一。这一时期,手工业的发展促进了市场经济和城市化。大量商品,包括酒和丝绸,都在市场销售。同时,还进口许多外国商品,如时钟和烟草。北京、南京、扬州、苏州这样的大商业中心相继形成。也是在明代,由郑和率领的船队曾到印度洋进行了七次大规模探险航行。还值得一提的是,中国文学的四大经典名著中有三部写于明朝。
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参考解答
正确答案:
这篇短文共有七句话。【第一句】明朝统治中国276年,被人们描绘成人类历史上治理有序、社会稳定的最伟大的时代之一。统治rule,描绘depicted,治理有序organized,稳定stable,时代era。这几个词略难,但是好在也有一些简单词可以替代。这句话是一个被动句,在翻译的时候也可以简单化,变成主动句。简单地翻译出来:TheMingDynastyruledChinafor276years.Peoplesayitwasorganizedandstable.Itwasoneofthegreatesterasinhumanhistory.而更高级的翻法是:TheMingDynasty,whichhadruledChinafor276years,wasdepictedasthegreatesterainhumanhistorybecauseofitsorderedandstablesociety.【第二句】这一时期,手工业的发展促进了市场经济和城市化。“手工业”这个词在考前的押题课中有学过,是handicraft。市场经济market-orientedeconomy城市化urbanization,这是两个个时事政策热词。这句话可以翻译为:Duringthisperiodoftime,thedevelopmentofhandicraftindustrypromotedthemarket-orientedeconomyandurbanization.【第三句】大量商品,包括酒和丝绸,都在市场销售。“酒”可以翻译为wine,但是它特指葡萄酒或者果酒,所以更准确的翻译应该是alcohol,泛指各种酒精饮料。这句话包含了一个被动的语态,“商品在市场被销售”:Alargeamountofgoods,includingsilkandalcohol,weresoldinmarkets.【第四句】同时,还进口许多外国商品,如时钟和烟草。进口import烟草tobacco这句话的中文里没有主语,我们可以在翻译的时候加上一个it,当然也可以翻译成是一个被动句,“商品被进口”。简单的主动句翻译:Atthesametime,itimportedmanyforeignproducts,suchasclocksandtobacco.高级的被动句翻译:Meanwhile,alotofforeigncommoditieslikeclocksandtobaccowereimported.【第五句】北京、南京、扬州、苏州这样的大商业中心相继形成。本句的句子结构比较简单,主要需要处理词汇。“商业中心”对应的表达是“commercialcenter”,也可以写成“businesscenter”“相继形成”的英语表述为“continuously”,也可以简化为“Oneafteranother”【第六句】还值得一提的是,中国文学的四大经典名著中有三部写于明朝。本句的句子结构比较接单,“四大名著中的三部”可以用threeoffour…的结构。需要解决的词汇有:“值得一提”对应的英语表述为“noteworthy”,当然也可以简化为what’smore或者Besides“四大经典名著”是专有名词,为“FourGreatClassicalNovels”,需要注意大写,词汇量相对薄弱的同学可以简化为fourfamousnovelsofChina.基础版:MingDynastyruledChinafor276years.Peoplesayitwasorganizedandstable.Itwasoneofthegreatesterasinhumanhistory.Atthisperiodoftime,thedevelopmentofhandicraftindustrypromotedthemarket-orientedeconomyandurbanization.Manyproducts,includingalcoholandsilk,weresoldinmarkets.Atthesametime,itimportedmanyforeignproducts,suchasclocksandtobacco.CommercialcenterslikeBeijing,Nanjing,YangzhouandSuzhouformedoneafteranother.ZhengHealsoledafleettotheIndianOceanforsevenlargeadventuresinMingDynasty.What’smore,threeofthefourgreatclassicalnovelsofChineseliteraturewerewritteninMingDynasty.提高版:TheMingDynasty,whichhadruledChinafor276years,wasdepictedasthegreatesterainhumanhistorybecauseofitsorderedandstablesociety.Duringthisperiod,themarketeconomyandurbanizationwasstimulatedbythedevelopmentofhandicraftindustry.Alargeamountofgoods,includingsilkandwine,wassoldinmarkets.Meanwhile,alotofforeigncommoditieslikeclocksandtobaccowereimported.MasscommercialcenterslikeBeijing,Nanjing,YangzhouandSuzhouwerealsoarousedcontinuallyduringthisera.ItwasalsointheMingDynastythatChinadispatchedlargefleetsfor7times,allledbyZhenHetotheIndianOceanforgreatadventure.ItwasalsonoteworthythatthreeofFourGreatClassicalNovelsofChinawerewrittenintheMingDynasty.
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