Questionsare based on the following passage.Millio

外语考试 已帮助: 时间:2022-12-07 23:38:14

Questionsare based on the following passage.
Millions of teenagers are in danger of putting their health at risk by getting hooked on ecigarettes,experts warn.Leading health researchers say they are "very concerned" by the growing number of youngsters trying the devices as a major new study reveals one in five teenagers has accessed them.E-cigarettes have been marketed as a healthier alternative to smoking conventional cigarettes.But previous research shows e-cigarettes generate poisonous chemicals similar to those found in tobacco and may harm the lungs and immune system.Worryingly, researchers at Liverpool John Moores University discovered 16% of teenagers who haveused e-cigarettes had never previously smoked.The experts also found e-cigarettes were "stronglyrelated" to drinking among teenagers.Study author Prof.Mark Bellis warned that such "rapid penetration into teenage culture of what is essentially a new drug-use option is without precedent ( 先例)." He added: "Our research suggests that we should be very concerned about teenagers accessinge-cigarettes.While debate on e-cigarettes has focused largely on whether or not they act as a gateway to
tobacco cigarette use, e-cigarettes themselves contain a highly addictive (上瘾的) drug that may have more serious and longer lasting impacts on children because their brains are still developing."Researchers surveyed 16,000 students aged 14 to 17 in the North "West of England and asked them about their alcohol and tobacco use.They found that one in five answered yes to the question: "Have you ever bought or tried electronic cigarettes?" More males than females said they had, and the figure increased with age and if they lived in a deprived poor area.
Of the teenagers that had accessed e-cigarettes,16% had never smoked,23% had tried smoking but did not like it,36% were regular smokers,12% only smoked when drinking, and 14% were ex-smokers.The research, published in journal BMC Public Health, also found teenagers who drank alcohol were significantly more likely to have accessed e-cigarettes than non-drinkers.
Among those who had never smoked, it was found that those who regularly have excessive drinking were four times more likely to access e-cigarettes than those who never drink.In all of those that drink,regardless of smoking status, e-cigarette access was associated with excessive drinking and involvement with violence after drinking.The researchers said their fmdings suggest that teenagers who usee-cigarettes are most susceptible (意受影响的) to other forms of substance use and risk-taking behaviour.
How have e-cigarettes been promoted in the market? 查看材料
A.As a device meeting the physical and mental needs of smokers.
B.As a product preventing smokers from using tobacco products.
C.As a much healthier substitute for traditional cigarettes.
D.As a new device promoted among youngsters.
请帮忙给出正确答案和分析,谢谢!

难度:⭐⭐⭐

题库:外语类考试,大学英语四级

标签:先例,上瘾,正确答案

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2022-12-07 23:38:14

正确答案:C
全文翻译(60)专家们警告说,数以百万计的青少年沉迷于电子烟,这使他们的健康受到威胁。领先的健康研究人员表示,他们对于尝试电子烟的年轻人人数的不断增长“非常担心”,因为一项重要的新研究发现有l/5的青少年在使用电子烟。(56)电子烟已经被营销宣传为比传统香烟更健康的一种替代品。但先前的研究显示,电子烟产生的有毒化学物质与在烟草中发现的类似;可能损害肺部和免疫系统。令人担忧的是,利物浦约翰摩尔斯大学的研究人员发现,16%的青少年在使用电子烟以前从未吸烟。(57)专家们还发现电子烟与青少年饮酒“密切相关”。研究报告的作者马克·贝里斯教授警告说:“本质上这是一种新的用药选择,如此快速地渗透到青少年文化中是史无前例的。”他补充说:“我们的研究表明,我们应该非常关注青少年使用电子烟的问题。(58)虽然关于电子烟的争论主要集中在其是否是一种通往使用烟草香烟的途径,但电子烟本身含有非常容易上瘾的药物,可能对孩子造成更严重、更持久的影响,因为他们的大脑还在发育。”研究人员调查了英格兰西北部16,000名14至17岁之间的学生,询问他们喝酒、抽烟的情况。他们发现,1/5的人对“你曾经购买或尝试过电子烟吗?”这一问题的答案都是肯定的。持肯定回答的人中男性要多于女性,如果是在贫困地区,这一数字随着年龄的增长而增加。在使用电子烟的青少年中,有16%的人从不吸烟,23%的人尝试过吸烟但并不喜欢,36%的人是烟民,12%的人只在喝酒时吸烟,14%的人是戒烟者。这项研究发表在《英国医学会公共卫生》杂志上,它还发现,喝酒的青少年明显比不喝酒的人更有可能使用电子烟。研究发现,在那些从不吸烟的人中,那些经常过度饮酒的人使用电子烟的可能性是那些从不喝酒的人的4倍。(59)在那些喝酒的所有人中,不论吸烟状况如何,电子烟的使用与过度饮酒和酒后参与暴力活动相关联。研究人员表示,他们的发现表明使用电子烟的青少年最易受到其他形式的物质使用和冒险行为的影响。定位;由题干中的promotedinthemarket和各选项定位到原文第二段首句。祥解;事实细节题。本题考查电子烟在市场上推广的信息。由定位句可知,电子烟已经被营销宣传为比传统香烟更健康的一种替代品。C.是对定位句的同义转述,故为答案。A.“作为满足吸烟者身体和精神需求的一种装置”和D.“作为一种在年轻人当中推广的新装置”,在原文均未提及,故排除;B.“作为防止吸烟者使用烟草制品的一种产品”是对本段首句的曲解,alternative意为“供替代的选择”,因此:B.与此不符,故排除。

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