What are the major branches of linguistics?What do

正确答案：The study of language as a whole is often called general linguistics．Howevera linguist sometimes is able to tackle only one or two aspects of language at a timethus the arise of various branches：Phonetics：the study of the phonic medium of language．It is concerned with how speech sounds are produced and classified in all languages of the world．Phonology：the study of sound system--the whole of distinctive sounds that occurin a language and the patterns into which they fall．How sounds form systems and function to convey meaning．Morphology：How morphemes are combined to form words．Syntax：How morphemes and words are combined to form sentences．Semantics：The study of meaning(in abstraction)． Pragmatics：The study ofmeaning in the context of use． Sociolinguistics：The study of language with reference to society． Psycholinguistics：The study of language with reference to the working of the mind． Applied Linguistics：The application of linguistic principles and theories to language teaching and learning． 语言学的整体研究统称为普通语言学包括基本概念、基本理论、基本描述和基本分法等。由于语言的复杂性一个语言学家通常不能一下子讨论或解决许多问题他常常把研究重点放在语言的某一两个方面。因此语言学逐步产生众多分支并且还在继续分支下去。所以下面所列并未囊括其全部。语音学：研究语音是如何发出并如何分类。音系学：研究语音是如何形成体系并传达意义的。形态学：研究词素是如何组合以构成单词的。句法学：研究词素与词是如何组合以构成句子的。语义学：(抽象地讲)研究语言的意义。语用学：研究在使用语境中的意义。社会语言学：研究语言与社会的关系。心理语言学：研究语言与人的心理活动的关系。应用语言学：研究语言学理论与方法在语言教学与学习中的应用。
Thestudyoflanguageasawholeisoftencalledgenerallinguistics．However,alinguistsometimesisabletotackleonlyoneortwoaspectsoflanguageatatime,thustheariseofvariousbranches：Phonetics：thestudyofthephonicmediumoflanguage．Itisconcernedwithhowspeechsoundsareproducedandclassifiedinalllanguagesoftheworld．Phonology：thestudyofsoundsystem--thewholeofdistinctivesoundsthatoccurinalanguageandthepatternsintowhichtheyfall．Howsoundsformsystemsandfunctiontoconveymeaning．Morphology：Howmorphemesarecombinedtoformwords．Syntax：Howmorphemesandwordsarecombinedtoformsentences．Semantics：Thestudyofmeaning(inabstraction)．Pragmatics：Thestudyofmeaninginthecontextofuse．Sociolinguistics：Thestudyoflanguagewithreferencetosociety．Psycholinguistics：Thestudyoflanguagewithreferencetotheworkingofthemind．AppliedLinguistics：Theapplicationoflinguisticprinciplesandtheoriestolanguageteachingandlearning．语言学的整体研究统称为普通语言学,包括基本概念、基本理论、基本描述和基本分法等。由于语言的复杂性,一个语言学家通常不能一下子讨论或解决许多问题,他常常把研究重点放在语言的某一两个方面。因此,语言学逐步产生众多分支,并且还在继续分支下去。所以,下面所列并未囊括其全部。语音学：研究语音是如何发出并如何分类。音系学：研究语音是如何形成体系并传达意义的。形态学：研究词素是如何组合以构成单词的。句法学：研究词素与词是如何组合以构成句子的。语义学：(抽象地讲)研究语言的意义。语用学：研究在使用语境中的意义。社会语言学：研究语言与社会的关系。心理语言学：研究语言与人的心理活动的关系。应用语言学：研究语言学理论与方法在语言教学与学习中的应用。