Questions are based on the following passage.The r
Questions are based on the following passage.
The ranks of the over 65s grew by 1.4m over the past decade.But old age will not be kind to all of them.One in three will develop dementia (痴呆), around one in six will end up in a nursing or care home and nearly half will need some forms of care.Few will have laid plans to pay for it.
Knowing the dilemma of elderly voters, the government is moving to change that.Next year it will put £ 72,000 on the sum that a person will have to pay towards care.and will raise the means-testing threshold (阀值) from £ 23,250 to £118,000.
The government had hoped that this reform. would not just relieve elderly nerves but also stimulate an insurance market for end-of-life care.Unfortunately, that is not happening.
Many people continue to assume, wrongly, that the NHS will pay, says Yvonne Braun from the Association of British Insurers.And most are overly optimistic about their health in old age, underestimating (低估) the risks and costs they will suffer.Joan Costa-Font, from the London School of Economics, adds that the idea of care insurance seems to conflict with social values.A kind of familial moral hazard kicks in, as people fear their children will no longer look after them if they are insured.
Care costs are so hard to predict that insurers tend to protect themselves with big insurance expenses, making insurance difficult to afford.The government"s new policy, which was supposed to sort this out, comes with alarming warnings.It does not include the cost of bed and board, which makes up a large amount of care home costs.It is also up to local authorities to determine which care counts towards the policy, meaning people may end up spending more after all.And the policy is higher than the25,000-50,000 recommended to the government by Andrew Dilnot, an economist who reviewed the market.
From next month much will change for retirees, as the government drops the requirement to buy annuities with private pension pots.The government hopes that people will use the new flexibility to plan for their old age, including the possibility that their final years will be spent in a nursing home rather than on the Costa del Sol.
What is the government‘s objective in the reform? 查看材料
A.To help make plans to pay for care.
B.To ease elderly worries and promote the insurance market.
C.To seek votes from elderly voters.
D.To reduce the costs in a nursing home.
请帮忙给出正确答案和分析,谢谢!
参考解答
正确答案:B
全文翻译过去十年间,65岁以上人群增加了140万。但如此高的年纪却并不会善待每一位老人。其中有l/3的人会患老年痴呆,大约l/6的人会在护理之家或敬老院走完人生的最后一程,而且有近一半的老人需要某些形式的护理。但几乎没人会为护理制定支付计划。了解到老龄选民的困境后,政府正在努力改变。明年,每人必须支付的护理费用总额为72,000英镑,并且会将经济状况调查的阀值从23,250英镑提升至118,000英镑。(61)政府希望此项改革不仅能够舒缓老年人的神经,还能刺激生命终期护理的保险市场。可惜,这并未发生。来自英国保险协会的伊冯·布劳恩表示,很多人仍错误地认为国民保健制度会买单。而且很大一部分人对自己晚年健康表现得过度乐观,低估了他们将要承担的风险和费用。来自伦敦经济学院的琼·科斯塔一丰特补充道,护理保险这一说法似乎与社会价值观存在冲突。(62)随着人们担忧子女在他们投保之后会将他们弃之不顾,一种家庭性的道德危机开始蔓延。(63)护理费用的难以预测也使得堡险公司倾向于抬高保险费用来保护自己,而这些费用昂贵得令人难以承担(64)政府新出台的旨在解决这一问题的政策带有强烈的警示意味。保险费用并不包括食宿花费,而这占护理之家花费的一大部分。由地方当局决定哪一项护理算入保险单内,也意味着人们最终将花费更多。而保险单费用要比经济学家安德鲁·迪尔洛特在重新审视过市场之后,向政府建议的25,000-50,000英镑要高。(65)从下月开始,随着政府降低用塑人养老金购买年金的要求,对退休人员来说,将会有很大变化。政府希望人们利用新政策的灵活性来为自己的晚年做计划,包括他们晚年可能要在护理之家而不是西班牙的阳光海岸度过。详解定位:由题干中的government’sobjectiveinthereform定位到原文第三段首句。详解事实细节题。本题考查政府改革的目的。由定位句可知,政府希望此项改革能够舒缓老年人的神经,还能刺激生命终期护理的保险市场。B.是对本句的同义转述,故为答案。A.“帮助制定护理支付计划”是利用原文第一段末句设置的干扰项,原文说“几乎没人会为护理制定支付计划”只是陈述事实,而非政府改革的目的,故排除;C.“为了拉老龄选民的选票”是利用第二段首句设置的干扰项,原文提及,了解到老龄选民的困境后,政府正在努力改变,可见这是政府改革的原因,而非目的,故排除;D.“为了降低护理之家的费用”,原文未提及,故排除。
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